Again, it has been shown that some inks produce deleterious ROS (e.g. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have recently been a topic in scientific literature related to tattoo ink. PAHs are known carcinogens and thus, low recommended levels have been suggested by the Council of Europe. Similar variations in PAH concentrations are observed in black inks. Analysis has shown that the production of the main component, carbon black, can lead to the formation of pigments with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contents that range from very high to almost completely absent.
Little is known about the possible effects on humans of internalizing these chemicals. These studies have generally shown that black inks are a diverse group, containing anything from 5 to 50+ organic components. Black is the most common tattoo color, but only a few studies have shed light on the multitude of functional and contaminating chemicals present in black inks.
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